What are 5 senses?

What are 5 senses?

The five senses are the organs of the body that have the function of knowing the external situation. Humans are creatures that besides being equipped with reason and thought, also with several other features, namely: The five senses. In Sanskrit, the five senses mean 5 (five), while the senses mean a connecting device, so that in the language of the five senses means 5 (five) connecting devices. The 5 (five) connecting devices are the eyes, ears, tongue, nose and skin.

The five senses in receiving a stimulus from the outside, must have the five connecting devices. This is useful so that humans can receive information in the form of stimuli, whether in the form of a visual stimulus in the form of a shape in 1 dimension, 2 dimensions, or 3 dimensions. Then an audio stimulus, be it low, medium, or high frequency. Stimulation of a taste also needs to be known by humans, whether it is in the form of sweet, salty, sour or bitter tastes, as well as the stimulation of an aroma in the form of a fragrant aroma or not. Apart from that, it is also necessary to know the sensitivity of an object, whether a surface is smooth or rough, hot or cold, and so on. This is useful for humans to be able to choose or avoid something from the outside whether it is good or not for them. This is a kind of detector or a radar for signals from the outside. Besides that, the existence of the senses makes human life more meaningful, can feel the pleasure of good stimulation, and can avoid the bad of a bad stimulus.

The five senses consist of eyes, ears, nose, tongue and skin. These sensory organs are useful for knowing the circumstances around you, and the functions of all of these are:

1. Eyes for see
2. Ears to hear
3. Tongue for tasting
4. Nose to smell
5. Skin to feel

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A. EYES

The eye is one of the most vital senses, because all coordination of human activities originates from here. When we close our eyes, of course we won't be able to see anything, and of course we won't be able to do anything. All our important activities will be totally stopped. This also proves that the role of the eye is indeed very, very important. Therefore we must always maintain the health of our eyes.

Eye health must be maintained, by consuming food that is good and beneficial for eye health. For example: carrots, rimbang / cempokak, and others that contain lots of vitamin A, we also have to take care of them from excessive use by resting them, or diligently doing eye exercises regularly.

The eye consists of several parts that play a very important role in the process of seeing, namely the eyeball. The following are the parts and their functions.

a. Clear Membrane (Cornea)

The clear membrane or cornea is a clear membrane on the surface of the eye that functions to focus an image.

b. Iris (Iris)

The iris is located in the center of the eyeball, which is just behind the cornea

c. Pupils

The pupil is the part of the eye which is a small slit through which light enters. The pupil regulates how much or how little light enters

d. Eye Lens

The lens of the eye is located at the back of the iris. The lens of the eye functions to transmit light to the retina

e. Retina

The retina or retinal membrane is the membrane that is located at the back. This membrane is most sensitive to light

f. Eye Nerve

The eye nerve functions to continue the light stimulus received by the retina, then goes to the brain

The five senses in the eye also have diseases and disorders. Of course if we don't take good care of our eyes, then our eyes will experience some disorders or abnormalities in the eye which is called eye disease. Here are some examples of diseases of the eye, namely:

a. Cataract

Cataracts are a disease caused by an opaque lens in the eye. It is characterized by blurred vision.

b. Trachoma

Trachoma is a disease caused by a virus/bacteria. It is characterized by watery, swollen and red eyes.

c. Glaucoma

Glaucoma is a disease caused by increased fluid in the eyeball. This is characterized by blurred vision, pain, and red eyeballs.

d. Allergy

Allergy is a disease caused by dust, cigarette smoke, sunlight. It is characterized by itchy, red and hot eyes. It is better to immediately check with an eye doctor if there are symptoms of eye problems as described above.

The five senses in the eye also have several abnormalities, namely:

1. Myopia (Nearsightedness)
2. Hypermetropia (Nearsightedness)
3. Presbyopia (Nearsighted and Farsighted)
4. Color blind

We must maintain and care for the five senses properly and correctly on a regular basis to stay healthy, namely by:

1. Get used to consuming foods that contain lots of vitamin A such as vegetables and fruits.
2. Lighting should be sufficient when we write and read with the ideal reading and writing distance
3. Avoid watching television too close and too long. Also other electronic devices, such as cellular phones such as mobile phones (hand phones), smart phones, i-phones, gadgets, Personal Computers (PCs) such as laptops and desktops, and others. It's better for us to wear anti-radiation on the screen of the electronic device, or we wear anti-radiation glasses.
4. Get enough rest
5. Seeing things that are green or something that is green, like the leaves of trees, and so on
6. You can also do eye exercises regularly.
7. Avoid getting too close to people who have sore eyes, because it can be contagious.
8. If there are symptoms that are uncomfortable in the eyes, such as itching, swelling or redness, you should immediately see an eye doctor.

B. EARS

The ear is one of the most vital sensory organs after the eyes. Because, the ear is the sense that is most often used when we communicate every day. Without it, we will not be able to respond or hear, let alone understand someone's words. Communication will stop, and we will get very little information or talk, because of the hearing difficulties. In addition, without good hearing, we will lose balance when walking, because the balance point is located in the ear. For that we have to care for and maintain healthy ears as regularly as possible, by diligently cleaning them periodically every week, also not listening to music too loudly, also, when we communicate using a cell phone, try to use only the left ear, because, the location the balance in the ear is in the ear on the right, so that the right ear is used to a minimum, to prevent or avoid or reduce the possibility of reducing the ability of the ear on the right.

If you close your ears for a while, you won't be able to hear anything perfectly, and if you try to walk, of course you can't walk perfectly, let alone run. We cannot hear anything, sometimes what we hear is a buzzing sound, or an external sound that is not perfect. This proves that the role of the ear is very important to hear and know the surrounding conditions.

The ear is a hearing organ consisting of three parts, namely:

a. Outer Ear

The outer ear consists of the auricle and the ear canal

b. Middle Ear

The middle ear consists of the drum membrane and (3) three auditory bones, namely:

1) Hammerhead

2) Anvil bones, and

3) Stirrup bone.

The middle ear is connected to the oral cavity which is connected by a canal or tube called the eustachian.

c. Inner Ear

The inner ear consists of a sparse, circular window and cochlea.

This inner ear is the seat of nerve endings and balance organs. With this balance tool, we can walk straight.

The five senses in the ear have diseases and disorders that cause a person to be unable to hear or deaf, due to damage to the nervous system in the ear, rupture of the eardrum, blockage of the ear cavity, and calcification of the hearing bones, or due to infection caused by too frequent use of cleaning tools unsterilized ears, or infected wounds, as well as using a headset (mini ear speaker) for too long at a fairly loud volume. To avoid hearing loss, try to always keep your ears clean by cleaning the outside and inside of the ear with a soft cleaner. Also avoid loud sounds

C. NOSE

The nose can smell something or smell in the air. The part of the nose that functions to smell or smell is called the olfactory nerve. The olfactory nerve is connected to the olfactory center in the brain. It is this relationship that allows us to identify different types of smells. The function of the olfactory mucous membrane in the nose is useful for humidifying the air that enters the nose.

The nose has a level of olfactory sensitivity which is very dependent on the proximity of the source of the smell to the sensitivity of the olfactory nerves in the nose. When the nose is in pain, the sensitivity of smell will also be disturbed.

The five senses in the nose have diseases and disorders that can make the nose unable to smell optimally called anosmia. Anosmia is generally caused by blockage of the nasal cavity when suffering from influenza and polyps.

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D. SKIN

The skin on the body functions as a sense of touch. The skin is very sensitive to stimuli such as heat, cold, pain, pressure, smooth and rough surfaces, or touch, because the skin has many touch nerves. The touch nerve is located between the outer layer (epidermis) and inner layer (dermis). The outer layer (epidermis) consists of the epidermis. This epidermis is thin and always peeling. This is to prevent the entry of bacteria to evaporate water from the body. The inner layer (dermis) consists of adipose tissue, sweat glands, blood vessels, oil glands, and nerve receptors (receptors). Then a question arises, how does the sense of touch function? When a touch is made on an object, it will produce a stimulus. This stimulus is received by skin receptors and passed on to the brain, so that we know what we are touching.

The five senses on the skin need to be cared for to avoid the skin diseases they cause. We have to maintain the cleanliness of the skin as regularly as possible by taking a clean bath and always using soap. Remember, don't use soap together, use each other's own soap, to avoid spreading skin diseases. Untreated skin is easy to grow fungus. Fungi cause skin diseases, including: tinea versicolor, ringworm, scabies, ringworm, and athlete's foot.

E. TONGUE

The tongue is the sense of taste. On the surface of the tongue there are many taste buds, so we can distinguish between the sweetness of sugar, the bitterness of coffee, the saltiness of salt, or the sourness of mangoes.

The tongue has different taste buds, namely:

1. The tip of the tongue is sensitive to sweet tastes
2. The tip of the tongue on the left and right is sensitive to salty taste
3. The back of the tongue on the right and left are sensitive to sour taste
4. The base of the tongue is sensitive to bitter tastes.

The five senses on the tongue have diseases and disorders, and the most frequently encountered is inflammation of the tongue or what is known as glossitis. The tongue affected by this disease will reduce the sensitivity of the ability to taste it. Disorders of the tongue can also arise when we taste food or drinks that are too hot. The tongue must be maintained by means of every time we brush our teeth, don't forget to brush the tongue so that it is always clean. Every hot meal, do not be accompanied by drinks or food that is too cold, because it will cause interference with the tongue.

The five senses in several studies have had several new developments, namely that recently there was the discovery of the newest human senses, namely in the form of a sense that is able to detect temperature, different from the skin. Regarding this matter, it is still in the research process stage. Let's wait how the development of this research.

The five senses, for example, if we lose one of the functions of the senses, of course there will be one less pleasure given by God Almighty. For example, we can no longer see, because our eyes have an illness that causes blindness, of course we can no longer see the beauty of the world, we can no longer play the games we like, we can no longer see the people we care about, and of course we will have difficulties. in walking, or doing an activity, whether it's work, or studying, and that's only one, what if two, suppose we can no longer hear. We can no longer listen to our favorite songs, listen to the voices of people we care about, cannot walk in balance, nor can we talk to our friends, because we cannot hear what he is talking about. What if there are not only two, but three, for example the sense of taste, for example when you are sick. We can no longer enjoy delicious food, even if the food is delicious, for example Kentucky Fried Chicken, or Miso is the most delicious in the world, or our other favorite food, of course it will taste bland, or maybe not three that work, instead four, for example the sense of smell , when we are hit by the flu, we can no longer smell the fragrance of flowers, but if you don't smell something, it's okay, as long as it doesn't affect our appetite, because usually the sense of smell is related to the taste of food, and what if the sense of touch also disappear or decrease, of course we will feel numb, we will no longer be able to feel any touch stimulation.

The five senses are a blessing from the Most Compassionate God for which we must be grateful for everything that has been given in the form of senses with perfect functions, without any deficiencies, by caring for them and using them without exceeding their limits, because, human senses certainly have limits. in use. For example, not using an electronic device that has a screen with high radiation or for too long and at too close a distance, or listening to music with a sound that is too high, let alone using a headset for too long or often, can cause deafness or early deafness. Then, regarding taste buds, try not to consume too much food that is too hot or too sour, thus causing reduced stimulation of the tongue's excitatory spots. We also have to take care of the skin, to avoid malignant skin cancer, also on the nose from polyps or influenza. By taking care of it, it means that this has shown proof of our gratitude to the One who created it. Hopefully this article is useful as a reference for learning material for the five senses.

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